Korean Dictionary · Level B2

Korean B2 Vocabulary

All 900 CEFR B2 words, each with romanization, meaning, and an example sentence.

• 대인관계 daein-gwan-gye — interpersonal relationships
• 배려 baeryeo — consideration for others
• 편견 pyeon-gyeon — prejudice
• 갈등 galdeung — conflict
• 타협 tahyeop — compromise
• 신뢰 silloe — trust
• 책임감 chaegim-gam — sense of responsibility
• 자율성 jayulseong — autonomy
• 효율성 hyoyulseong — efficiency
• 유연성 yuyeonseong — flexibility
• 적응 jeogeung — adaptation
• 협력 hyeomnyeok — cooperation
• 소통 sotong — communication
• 공감 gonggam — empathy
• 성찰 seongchal — self-reflection
• 균형 gyunhyeong — balance
• 우선순위 useon-sunwi — priority
• 존중 jonjung — respect
• 경쟁 gyeongjaeng — competition
• 성과 seonggwa — achievement / results
• 역량 yeongnyang — capability
• 전문성 jeonmunseong — expertise
• 지속성 jisokseong — sustainability / continuity
• 창의성 changuiseong — creativity
• 주도성 judoseong — initiative
• 헌신 heonsin — dedication
• 동기부여 donggibuyeo — motivation
• 사기 sagi — morale
• 위계 wigye — hierarchy
• 조직 jojik — organization
• 부서 buseo — department
• 승진 seungjin — promotion
• 채용 chaeyong — hiring
• 면접 myeonjeop — job interview
• 이직 ijik — changing jobs
• 복지 bokji — benefits / welfare
• 연봉 yeonbong — annual salary
• 업무량 eommuryang — workload
• 야근 yageun — working overtime
• 재택근무 jaetaek-geunmu — working from home
• 마감 magam — deadline
• 성실성 seongsilseong — conscientiousness
• 자존감 jajon-gam — self-esteem
• 열등감 yeoldeung-gam — inferiority complex
• 소외감 soeoegam — feeling of alienation
• 유대감 yudaegam — sense of bonding
• 소속감 sosokgam — sense of belonging
• 정체성 jeongcheseong — identity
• 다양성 dayangseong — diversity
• 형평성 hyeongpyeongseong — equity
• 공정성 gongjeongseong — fairness
• 투명성 tumyeongseong — transparency
• 지지 jiji — support / backing
• 설득 seoldeuk — persuasion
• 협상 hyeopsang — negotiation
• 중재 jungjae — mediation
• 화해 hwahae — reconciliation
• 오해 ohae — misunderstanding
• 배제 baeje — exclusion
• 배신 baesin — betrayal
• 정책 jeongchaek — policy
• 현상 hyeonsang — phenomenon
• 법안 beoban — bill (legislation)
• 개정 gaejeong — revision (of a law)
• 시행 sihaeng — enforcement / implementation
• 규제 gyuje — regulation
• 완화 wanhwa — easing / relaxation
• 강화 ganghwa — strengthening
• 복지제도 bokji-jedo — welfare system
• 저출산 jeochulsan — low birth rate
• 고령화 goryeonghwa — population aging
• 출생률 chulsaengnyul — birth rate
• 실업률 sireomnyul — unemployment rate
• 물가 mulga — prices / cost of living
• 불황 bulhwang — recession
• 호황 hohwang — economic boom
• 침체 chimche — stagnation / slump
• 성장률 seongjangnyul — growth rate
• 수출 suchul — export
• 무역 muyeok — trade
• 관세 gwanse — tariff
• 환율 hwannyul — exchange rate
• 금리 geumni — interest rate
• 대출 daechul — loan
• 투자 tuja — investment
• 주식 jusik — stocks
• 부동산 budongsan — real estate
• 자산 jasan — assets
• 소득 sodeuk — income
• 연금 yeon-geum — pension
• 소비 sobi — consumption
• 절약 jeoryak — saving / frugality
• 낭비 nangbi — waste
• 부채 buchae — debt
• 파산 pasan — bankruptcy
• 매출 maechul — sales revenue
• 수익 suik — profit / returns
• 손실 sonsil — loss
• 경영 gyeongyeong — management (business)
• 기업 gieop — corporation
• 고용 goyong — employment
• 해고 haego — dismissal / layoff
• 노동 nodong — labor
• 임금 imgeum — wages
• 파업 paeop — strike
• 노조 nojo — labor union
• 계약직 gyeyakjik — contract position
• 정규직 jeonggyujik — permanent position
• 구직 gujik — job hunting
• 이력서 iryeokseo — résumé
• 실적 siljeok — performance record
• 평가 pyeongga — evaluation
• 지표 jipyo — indicator
• 통계 tonggye — statistics
• 조사 josa — survey / investigation
• 분석 bunseok — analysis
• 결론 gyeollon — conclusion
• 검토 geomto — review / examination
• 파악 paak — grasping / understanding
• 판단 pandan — judgment
• 제안 jean — proposal
• 합의 hapui — agreement / consensus
• 책임 chaegim — responsibility
• 권리 gwolli — right (entitlement)
• 의무 uimu — duty / obligation
• 권한 gwonhan — authority
• 절차 jeolcha — procedure
• 승인 seungin — approval
• 허가 heoga — permit / permission
• 금지 geumji — prohibition
• 위반 wiban — violation
• 벌금 beolgeum — fine (penalty)
• 처벌 cheobeol — punishment
• 재판 jaepan — trial
• 판결 pan-gyeol — verdict
• 소송 sosong — lawsuit
• 범죄 beomjoe — crime
• 피해 pihae — damage / harm
• 가해자 gahaeja — perpetrator
• 피해자 pihaeja — victim
• 보도 bodo — news coverage
• 취재 chwijae — news gathering
• 매체 maeche — medium / media outlet
• 홍보 hongbo — publicity / PR
• 선전 seonjeon — propaganda
• 허위 heowi — falsehood
• 유포 yupo — dissemination (of rumors)
• 검열 geomnyeol — censorship
• 익명 ingmyeong — anonymity
• 게시물 gesimul — post (online)
• 누리집 nurijip — website (native term)
• 온라인 ollain — online
• 가상 gasang — virtual
• 인공지능 in-gongjineung — artificial intelligence
• 기술력 gisullyeok — technological capability
• 개발 gaebal — development
• 혁신 hyeoksin — innovation
• 보급 bogeup — diffusion / supply
• 활용 hwaryong — utilization
• 적용 jeogyong — application (of a rule)
• 도입 doip — introduction (of a system)
• 구축 guchuk — building / establishing
• 확대 hwakdae — expansion
• 축소 chukso — reduction
• 감소 gamso — decrease
• 증가 jeungga — increase
• 추세 chuse — trend
• 전망 jeonmang — outlook / forecast
• 예측 yecheuk — prediction
• 대비 daebi — preparation against
• 대응 daeeung — response
• 배출 baechul — emission / discharge
• 폐기물 pyegimul — waste material
• 온난화 onnanhwa — global warming
• 생태계 saengtaegye — ecosystem
• 멸종 myeoljong — extinction
• 보존 bojon — preservation
• 개선 gaeseon — improvement
• 악화 akhwa — worsening
• 지속가능성 jisokganeungseong — sustainability
• 교육열 gyoyungnyeol — zeal for education
• 사교육 sagyoyuk — private education
• 입시 ipsi — entrance exams
• 학벌 hakbeol — academic pedigree
• 진학 jinhak — advancing to higher schooling
• 논문 nonmun — thesis / paper
• 연구 yeon-gu — research
• 학문 hangmun — scholarship / academics
• 이론 iron — theory
• 실습 silseup — practical training
• 등록금 deungnokgeum — tuition
• 휴학 hyuhak — taking a leave from school
• 토론 toron — debate
• 요약 yoyak — summary
• 인용 inyong — quotation / citation
• 출처 chulcheo — source
• 요인 yoin — factor
• 영향력 yeonghyangnyeok — influence
• 부작용 bujagyong — side effect
• 한계 han-gye — limit
• 가능성 ganeungseong — possibility
• 위험성 wiheomseong — riskiness
• 실현성 silhyeonseong — feasibility
• 신빙성 sinbingseong — credibility
• 정확성 jeonghwakseong — accuracy
• 안정성 anjeongseong — stability
• 편의성 pyeonuiseong — convenience
• 실용성 siryongseong — practicality
• 독창성 dokchangseong — originality
• 구체성 gucheseong — concreteness
• 실시하다 silsihada — to carry out / conduct
• 지적하다 jijeokhada — to point out
• 언급하다 eon-geuphada — to mention
• 강조하다 gangjohada — to emphasize
• 반영하다 banyeonghada — to reflect (incorporate)
• 고려하다 goryeohada — to consider
• 추진하다 chujinhada — to push forward
• 실현하다 silhyeonhada — to realize (a goal)
• 달성하다 dalseonghada — to achieve
• 확보하다 hwakbohada — to secure
• 제시하다 jesihada — to present (an idea)
• 지원하다 jiwonhada — to support / apply
• 제한하다 jehanhada — to restrict
• 허용하다 heoyonghada — to permit
• 요구하다 yoguhada — to demand
• 거부하다 geobuhada — to refuse
• 수용하다 suyonghada — to accept (a demand)
• 부인하다 buinhada — to deny
• 비판하다 bipanhada — to criticize
• 구분하다 gubunhada — to distinguish
• 선정하다 seonjeonghada — to select
• 초래하다 choraehada — to bring about (something bad)
• 야기하다 yagihada — to cause / give rise to
• 기여하다 giyeohada — to contribute
• 동참하다 dongchamhada — to join in
• 의지하다 uijihada — to rely on
• 의존하다 uijonhada — to depend on
• 대체하다 daechehada — to replace
• 보완하다 bowanhada — to supplement / fix up
• 생략하다 saengnyakhada — to omit
• 지속하다 jisokhada — to sustain / continue
• 중단하다 jungdanhada — to halt
• 연기하다 yeon-gihada — to postpone
• 예정하다 yejeonghada — to schedule
• 짐작하다 jimjakhada — to guess / surmise
• 우려하다 uryeohada — to be concerned
• 감동하다 gamdonghada — to be moved
• 당황하다 danghwanghada — to be flustered
• 긴장하다 ginjanghada — to be tense
• 안심하다 ansimhada — to feel relieved
• 절망 jeolmang — despair
• 질책 jilchaek — reprimand
• 동정 dongjeong — sympathy / pity
• 미련 miryeon — lingering attachment
• 체념 chenyeom — resignation (giving up)
• 허탈감 heotalgam — feeling of emptiness
• 성취감 seongchwigam — sense of accomplishment
• 안도감 andogam — sense of relief
• 긴장감 ginjanggam — sense of tension
• 거리감 georigam — sense of distance
• 친밀감 chinmilgam — sense of intimacy
• 위기감 wigigam — sense of crisis
• 박탈감 baktalgam — sense of deprivation
• 만족감 manjokgam — feeling of satisfaction
• 부담감 budamgam — feeling of pressure
• 판단력 pandannyeok — judgment ability
• 집중력 jipjungnyeok — concentration
• 기억력 gieongnyeok — memory (faculty)
• 표현력 pyohyeonnyeok — expressive ability
• 설득력 seoldeungnyeok — persuasiveness
• 경쟁력 gyeongjaengnyeok — competitiveness
• 지구력 jigunyeok — endurance
• 회복력 hoebongnyeok — resilience
• 면역력 myeonyeongnyeok — immunity
• 만성 manseong — chronic
• 진단 jindan — diagnosis
• 검진 geomjin — medical checkup
• 예방접종 yebang-jeopjong — vaccination
• 전염 jeonyeom — contagion
• 회복기 hoebokgi — recovery period
• 비만 biman — obesity
• 중독 jungdok — addiction
• 금연 geumyeon — quitting smoking
• 숙면 sungmyeon — deep sleep
• 불면증 bulmyeonjjeung — insomnia
• 우울증 uuljjeung — depression
• 상담 sangdam — counseling
• 정신건강 jeongsin-geon-gang — mental health
• 취향차 chwihyangcha — difference in taste
• 풍습 pungseup — custom
• 작품 jakpum — work (of art)
• 연출 yeonchul — direction (staging)
• 전시 jeonsi — exhibition
• 감상 gamsang — appreciation (viewing)
• 창작 changjak — creative writing / creation
• 각본 gakbon — screenplay
• 출연 churyeon — appearance (in a show)
• 흥행 heunghaeng — box-office success
• 평론 pyeongnon — critique / review
• 취재원 chwijaewon — news source
• 여행지 yeohaengji — travel destination
• 숙박 sukbak — lodging
• 왕복 wangbok — round trip
• 경유 gyeongyu — layover / via
• 체류 cheryu — stay / sojourn
• 이민 imin — immigration
• 정착 jeongchak — settling down
• 다문화 damunhwa — multicultural
• 인종 injong — race (ethnicity)
• 인권 in-gwon — human rights
• 참정권 chamjeonggwon — voting rights
• 선거 seon-geo — election
• 투표 tupyo — voting
• 후보 hubo — candidate
• 공약 gongyak — campaign pledge
• 정당 jeongdang — political party
• 국회 gukhoe — National Assembly
• 지자체 jijache — local government
• 행정 haengjeong — administration
• 공공 gonggong — public (sector)
• 민간 min-gan — private sector
• 공동체 gongdongche — community
• 후원 huwon — sponsorship
• 단체 danche — organization / group
• 회원 hoewon — member
• 가입 gaip — joining / subscription
• 탈퇴 taltoe — withdrawal (from membership)
• 운영 unyeong — operation (running)
• 관리 gwalli — management / upkeep
• 점검 jeomgeom — inspection
• 교체 gyoche — replacement
• 보증 bojeung — warranty
• 재고 jaego — stock / inventory
• 판매 panmae — sales / selling
• 구매 gumae — purchase
• 소비자 sobija — consumer
• 생산 saengsan — production
• 유통 yutong — distribution
• 무려 muryeo — as many as / no less than
• 지나치게 jinachige — excessively
• 다소 daso — somewhat
• 차츰 chacheum — little by little
• 급격히 geupgyeokhi — sharply / rapidly
• 지속적으로 jisokjeogeuro — continuously
• 일시적으로 ilsijeogeuro — temporarily
• 전반적으로 jeonbanjeogeuro — overall
• 부분적으로 bubunjeogeuro — partially
• 구체적으로 guchejeogeuro — concretely
• 적극적으로 jeokgeukjeogeuro — actively
• 소극적으로 sogeukjeogeuro — passively
• 궁극적으로 gunggeukjeogeuro — ultimately
• 상대적으로 sangdaejeogeuro — relatively
• 우선 useon — first of all
• 이어서 ieoseo — subsequently
• 반면 banmyeon — on the other hand
• 다만 daman — however / only that
• 즉 jeuk — that is / namely
• 한편 hanpyeon — meanwhile
• 하물며 hamulmyeo — let alone
• 굳이 guji — unnecessarily / insistently
• 괜히 gwaenhi — for no reason
• 도리어 dorieo — contrarily
• 제대로 jedaero — properly
• 함부로 hamburo — carelessly / recklessly
• 철저히 cheoljeohi — thoroughly
• 신중히 sinjunghi — prudently
• 명확히 myeonghwakhi — clearly
• 간혹 ganhok — occasionally
• 흔히 heunhi — commonly
• 드물게 deumulge — rarely
• 끊임없이 kkeunimeopsi — ceaselessly
• 여지없이 yeojieopsi — without exception
• 어쩔 수 없이 eojjeol su eopsi — unavoidably
• 뜻밖에 tteutbakke — unexpectedly
• 예외적으로 yeoeojeogeuro — exceptionally
• 적절하다 jeokjeolhada — to be appropriate
• 부적절하다 bujeokjeolhada — to be inappropriate
• 타당하다 tadanghada — to be valid / reasonable
• 명백하다 myeongbaekhada — to be obvious
• 모호하다 mohohada — to be ambiguous
• 다양하다 dayanghada — to be diverse
• 독특하다 dokteukhada — to be unique
• 과도하다 gwadohada — to be excessive
• 적당하다 jeokdanghada — to be moderate / suitable
• 엄격하다 eomgyeokhada — to be strict
• 관대하다 gwandaehada — to be generous / lenient
• 신중하다 sinjunghada — to be cautious
• 성급하다 seonggeuphada — to be hasty
• 소극적이다 sogeukjeogida — to be passive
• 적극적이다 jeokgeukjeogida — to be proactive
• 현실적이다 hyeonsiljeogida — to be realistic
• 이상적이다 isangjeogida — to be ideal
• 긍정적이다 geungjeongjeogida — to be positive
• 부정적이다 bujeongjeogida — to be negative
• 합리적이다 hamnijeogida — to be rational
• 감정적이다 gamjeongjeogida — to be emotional
• 체계적이다 chegyejeogida — to be systematic
• 일방적이다 ilbangjeogida — to be one-sided
• 지속적이다 jisokjeogida — to be continuous
• 효과적이다 hyogwajeogida — to be effective
• 도시화 dosihwa — urbanization
• 산업화 saneophwa — industrialization
• 세계화 segyehwa — globalization
• 정보화 jeongbohwa — informatization
• 자동화 jadonghwa — automation
• 다각화 dagakhwa — diversification
• 표준화 pyojunhwa — standardization
• 전문화 jeonmunhwa — specialization
• 대중화 daejunghwa — popularization
• 상업화 sangeophwa — commercialization
• 민주화 minjuhwa — democratization
• 현대화 hyeondaehwa — modernization
• 노후화 nohuhwa — deterioration with age
• 심화 simhwa — intensification
• 활성화 hwalseonghwa — revitalization
• 간소화 gansohwa — simplification
• 고급화 gogeuphwa — upscaling
• 차별화 chabyeolhwa — differentiation
• 일반화 ilbanhwa — generalization
• 구체화 guchehwa — concretization
• 체계화 chegyehwa — systematization
• 최소화 choesohwa — minimization
• 최대화 choedaehwa — maximization
• 약화 yakhwa — weakening
• 정상화 jeongsanghwa — normalization
• 동질화 dongjilhwa — homogenization
• 고착화 gochakhwa — entrenchment
• 장기화 janggihwa — prolongation
• 구조 gujo — structure
• 체제 cheje — system / regime
• 기반 giban — foundation / base
• 토대 todae — groundwork
• 본질 bonjil — essence
• 취지 chwiji — purpose / intent
• 의도 uido — intention
• 수단 sudan — means
• 방침 bangchim — policy / guideline
• 전략 jeollyak — strategy
• 전술 jeonsul — tactics
• 타개책 tagaechaek — breakthrough measure
• 성과급 seonggwageup — performance pay
• 직급 jikgeup — job rank
• 동료애 dongnyoae — camaraderie
• 부하 buha — subordinate
• 인맥 inmaek — personal network
• 결재 gyeoljae — approval sign-off
• 회의록 hoeuirok — meeting minutes
• 안건 an-geon — agenda item
• 논의 nonui — discussion
• 의결 uigyeol — resolution (vote)
• 찬성 chanseong — approval / agreement
• 기권 gigwon — abstention
• 만장일치 manjang-ilchi — unanimity
• 다수결 dasugyeol — majority rule
• 설문 seolmun — questionnaire
• 응답 eungdap — response (reply)
• 비율 biyul — ratio / proportion
• 평균 pyeong-gyun — average
• 수치 suchi — numerical figure
• 규모 gyumo — scale
• 단계 dan-gye — stage / phase
• 과도기 gwadogi — transitional period
• 장기적 janggijeok — long-term
• 단기적 dan-gijeok — short-term
• 잠재력 jamjaeryeok — potential
• 의의 uiui — significance
• 위상 wisang — status / standing
• 명성 myeongseong — reputation / fame
• 이미지 imiji — image (public)
• 인식 insik — perception / awareness
• 의식 uisik — consciousness
• 태도 변화 taedo byeonhwa — change in attitude
• 습관화 seupgwanhwa — habituation
• 실천 silcheon — putting into practice
• 노력형 noryeokhyeong — the hardworking type
• 끈기 kkeun-gi — perseverance
• 포부 pobu — aspiration
• 야망 yamang — ambition
• 오만 oman — arrogance
• 성숙 seongsuk — maturity
• 미숙 misuk — immaturity / inexperience
• 숙련 sungnyeon — proficiency
• 연수 yeonsu — training program
• 주거 jugeo — housing / residence
• 임대 imdae — lease / rental
• 이사비 isabi — moving costs
• 재건축 jaegeonchuk — reconstruction
• 분양 bunyang — presale of housing units
• 입주 ipju — moving in
• 층간소음 cheunggan-soeum — noise between floors
• 인테리어 inteorieo — interior design
• 가계부 gagyebu — household ledger
• 적금 jeokgeum — installment savings
• 송금 songgeum — money transfer
• 수수료 susuryo — fee / commission
• 청구서 cheong-guseo — bill / invoice
• 연체 yeonche — overdue payment
• 교통체증 gyotong-chejeung — traffic jam
• 대중교통 daejung-gyotong — public transportation
• 환승 hwanseung — transfer (transit)
• 운행 unhaeng — operation (of transit)
• 노선 noseon — route (transit line)
• 주차난 juchanan — parking shortage
• 보행자 bohaengja — pedestrian
• 신호위반 sinho-wiban — running a signal
• 단속 danssok — crackdown
• 재난 jaenan — disaster
• 대피 daepi — evacuation
• 구조대 gujodae — rescue team
• 복구 bokgu — restoration (after damage)
• 지진 jijin — earthquake
• 홍수 hongsu — flood
• 가뭄 gamum — drought
• 일교차 ilgyocha — daily temperature range
• 맞벌이 matbeori — dual-income
• 출산 chulsan — childbirth
• 양육 yangyuk — upbringing
• 훈육 hunyuk — discipline (of children)
• 독립 dongnip — independence
• 결혼관 gyeolhon-gwan — view on marriage
• 재혼 jaehon — remarriage
• 비혼 bihon — choosing not to marry
• 일인가구 irin-gagu — single-person household
• 노후 nohu — one's later years
• 간병 ganbyeong — caregiving for the sick
• 돌봄 dolbom — care (services)
• 장애인 jangaein — person with a disability
• 소수자 sosuja — minority (group member)
• 취약계층 chwiyak-gyecheung — vulnerable groups
• 빈곤 bin-gon — poverty
• 구호 guho — relief (aid)
• 자립 jarip — self-reliance
• 재기 jaegi — comeback / recovery
• 역경 yeokgyeong — adversity
• 시련 siryeon — ordeal
• 고비 gobi — critical moment
• 전환점 jeonhwanjeom — turning point
• 성장통 seongjangtong — growing pains
• 습득 seupdeuk — acquisition (of skill)
• 숙달 sukdal — mastery
• 암기 amgi — memorization
• 응용 eungyong — application (practical use)
• 이해력 ihaeryeok — comprehension ability
• 학습법 hakseupbeop — study method
• 동기 donggi — motive
• 성향차 seonghyangcha — difference in disposition
• 기질 gijil — temperament
• 인성 inseong — character (moral)
• 덕목 deokmok — virtue
• 양심 yangsim — conscience
• 예절 yejeol — etiquette
• 매너 maeneo — manners
• 호감 hogam — favorable feeling
• 반감 ban-gam — antipathy
• 선입견 seonipgyeon — preconception
• 첫인상 cheosinsang — first impression
• 친분 chinbun — acquaintance / closeness
• 우정 ujeong — friendship
• 의리 uiri — loyalty / faithfulness
• 험담 heomdam — badmouthing
• 눈치 nunchi — social awareness / tact
• 배포 baepo — distribution (of items)
• 공유 gongyu — sharing
• 전달 jeondal — conveying / delivery
• 통보 tongbo — notification
• 공지 gongji — announcement
• 문의 munui — inquiry
• 심사 simsa — screening / review
• 선발 seonbal — selection (of people)
• 탈락 tallak — elimination
• 합격 hapgyeok — passing (an exam)
• 재도전 jaedojeon — trying again
• 경쟁률 gyeongjaengnyul — competition ratio
• 충족 chungjok — fulfillment (of conditions)
• 미충족 michungjok — unmet (condition)
• 요건 yogeon — requirement
• 우대 udae — preferential treatment
• 특혜 teukhye — special favor
• 혜택 hyetaek — benefit
• 면제 myeonje — exemption
• 감면 gammyeon — reduction (of tax/fee)
• 보조금 bojogeum — subsidy
• 지원금 jiwon-geum — support funds
• 기금 gigeum — fund
• 적립 jeongnip — accumulation (of points)
• 누적 nujeok — cumulative total
• 집계 jipgye — tally / tabulation
• 산출 sanchul — calculation / output
• 추정 chujeong — estimation
• 검증 geomjeung — verification
• 입증 ipjeung — proof / substantiation
• 규명 gyumyeong — elucidation (of a cause)
• 해명 haemyeong — explanation (defensive)
• 반론 ballon — counterargument
• 지적사항 jijeoksahang — points raised (issues)
• 보완책 bowanchaek — supplementary measure
• 후속 husok — follow-up
• 조치 jochi — measure / action taken
• 시정 sijeong — correction (of a fault)
• 권고 gwon-go — recommendation (official)
• 지침 jichim — guidelines
• 약관 yakgwan — terms and conditions
• 동의서 donguiseo — consent form
• 개인정보 gaeinjeongbo — personal information
• 유출 yuchul — leak (of data)
• 보안 boan — security
• 침해 chimhae — infringement
• 저작권 jeojakgwon — copyright
• 특허 teukheo — patent
• 상표 sangpyo — trademark
• 인증 injeung — certification
• 표기 pyogi — notation / labeling
• 원산지 wonsanji — place of origin
• 성분 seongbun — ingredient
• 유통기한 yutong-gihan — expiration date
• 위생 wisaeng — hygiene
• 친환경 chinhwan-gyeong — eco-friendly
• 일회용 ilhoeyong — disposable
• 탄소 tanso — carbon
• 절감 jeolgam — cutting down (costs)
• 효율 hyoyul — efficiency (rate)
• 성능 seongneung — performance (of a device)
• 사양 sayang — specification
• 호환 hohwan — compatibility
• 업데이트 eopdeiteu — update
• 오류 oryu — error
• 장애 jangae — malfunction / outage
• 복원 bogwon — restoration (data)
• 차단 chadan — blocking
• 접속 jeopsok — access / connection
• 이용자 iyongja — user
• 가입자 gaipja — subscriber
• 구독 gudok — subscription
• 해지 haeji — termination (of contract)
• 갱신 gaengsin — renewal
• 연장 yeonjang — extension
• 유예 yuye — grace period / deferral
• 면담 myeondam — interview / meeting (personal)
• 담당자 damdangja — person in charge
• 책임자 chaegimja — responsible official
• 관계자 gwan-gyeja — person concerned / official
• 종사자 jongsaja — worker in a field
• 이해당사자 ihae-dangsaja — stakeholder
• 협의 hyeobui — consultation / conferring
• 조율 joyul — coordination
• 분담 bundam — division of duties
• 위임 wiim — delegation
• 대행 daehaeng — acting on behalf
• 인수인계 insu-in-gye — handover
• 퇴사 toesa — leaving a company
• 입사 ipsa — joining a company
• 수습 suseup — probationary period
• 정년 jeongnyeon — retirement age
• 근속 geunsok — continuous service
• 휴직 hyujik — leave of absence
• 복직 bokjik — returning to work
• 겸직 gyeomjik — holding two jobs
• 부업 bueop — side job
• 프리랜서 peurirenseo — freelancer
• 자영업 jayeong-eop — self-employment
• 동업 dongeop — business partnership
• 폐업 pyeeop — going out of business
• 개업 gaeeop — opening a business
• 임차인 imchain — tenant
• 임대인 imdaein — landlord
• 매물 maemul — property for sale
• 시세 sise — market price
• 매매 maemae — buying and selling
• 체결 chegyeol — conclusion (of an agreement)
• 협약 hyeobyak — accord / pact
• 제휴 jehyu — partnership / tie-up
• 합병 hapbyeong — merger
• 인수 insu — acquisition (takeover)
• 지분 jibun — equity stake
• 매각 maegak — sell-off
• 자본 jabon — capital
• 출자 chulja — capital contribution
• 배당 baedang — dividend
• 적자 jeokja — deficit
• 흑자 heukja — surplus (profit)
• 회계 hoegye — accounting
• 장부 jangbu — account book
• 정산 jeongsan — settlement of accounts
• 청산 cheongsan — liquidation / clearing
• 부실 busil — unsoundness / defect
• 비리 biri — corruption
• 의혹 uihok — suspicion
• 폭로 pongno — exposé
• 은폐 eunpye — cover-up
• 책임전가 chaegim-jeon-ga — shifting blame
• 자성 jaseong — self-examination
• 쇄신 swaesin — reform / renewal
• 개혁 gaehyeok — reform
• 보수적 bosujeok — conservative
• 진보적 jinbojeok — progressive
• 중립 jungnip — neutrality
• 대립 daerip — confrontation
• 충돌 chungdol — clash
• 마찰 machal — friction
• 완충 wanchung — buffering
• 조정 jojeong — adjustment / arbitration
• 양보 yangbo — yielding / concession
• 설전 seoljeon — war of words
• 항의 hangui — protest
• 시위 siwi — demonstration
• 집회 jiphoe — rally / assembly
• 청원 cheongwon — petition
• 운동권 undonggwon — activist circles
• 여파 yeopa — aftermath / repercussions
• 사태 satae — incident / situation
• 파장 pajang — ripple effect
• 논쟁 nonjaeng — dispute / argument
• 비판적 bipanjeok — critical
• 우호적 uhojeok — friendly / amicable
• 적대적 jeokdaejeok — hostile
• 협력적 hyeomnyeokjeok — cooperative
• 자발적 jabaljeok — voluntary
• 강제적 gangjejeok — compulsory
• 반발 banbal — backlash
• 수긍 sugeung — assent / acceptance
• 납득 napdeuk — being convinced
• 공감대 gonggamdae — common ground
• 형성 hyeongseong — formation
• 정립 jeongnip — establishment (of a concept)
• 확립 hwangnip — establishment (firmly)
• 정착률 jeongchangnyul — settlement rate
• 이탈 ital — departure / defection
• 유입 yuip — inflow
• 정주 jeongju — permanent residence
• 여건 yeogeon — circumstances / conditions
• 형편 hyeongpyeon — circumstances (financial)
• 처지 cheoji — plight / position
• 입장 ipjang — standpoint
• 견해 gyeonhae — view / opinion (formal)
• 소신 sosin — conviction
• 고집 gojip — stubbornness
• 융통성 yungtongseong — adaptability
• 포용 poyong — inclusiveness
• 관용 gwanyong — tolerance
• 배타적 baetajeok — exclusive / exclusionary
• 개방적 gaebangjeok — open-minded
• 폐쇄적 pyeswaejeok — closed off
• 수평적 supyeongjeok — horizontal (non-hierarchical)
• 수직적 sujikjeok — vertical (hierarchical)
• 관료적 gwallyojeok — bureaucratic
• 형식적 hyeongsikjeok — perfunctory
• 실질적 siljiljeok — substantive
• 표면적 pyomyeonjeok — superficial
• 근본적 geunbonjeok — fundamental
• 포괄적 pogwaljeok — comprehensive
• 제한적 jehanjeok — limited
• 선택적 seontaekjeok — selective
• 필수적 pilsujeok — essential
• 보편적 bopyeonjeok — universal
• 예외 yeoe — exception
• 원칙 wonchik — principle
• 관례 gwallye — customary practice
• 전례 jeollye — precedent
• 선례 seollye — precedent set
• 유산 yusan — heritage / legacy
• 계승 gyeseung — inheritance / succession
• 복원력 bogwonnyeok — restorative capacity
• 지구촌 jiguchon — global village
• 국제적 gukjejeok — international
• 외교 oegyo — diplomacy
• 정상회담 jeongsang-hoedam — summit meeting
• 제재 jejae — sanctions
• 분쟁 bunjaeng — dispute / conflict (intl.)
• 난민 nanmin — refugee
• 원조 wonjo — aid
• 교류 gyoryu — exchange (cultural)
• 유학 yuhak — studying abroad
• 어휘력 eohwiryeok — vocabulary size
• 문맥 munmaek — context (textual)
• 어조 eojo — tone (of speech)
• 말투 maltu — manner of speaking
• 억양 eogyang — intonation
• 관용구 gwanyonggu — idiom
• 은어 euneo — slang
• 신조어 sinjoeo — newly coined word
• 외래어 oeraeeo — loanword
• 맞춤법 matchumbeop — spelling rules
• 띄어쓰기 ttuieosseugi — spacing in writing
• 문체 munche — writing style
• 서술 seosul — narration / description
• 묘사 myosa — depiction
• 전개 jeon-gae — development (of a plot)
• 결말 gyeolmal — ending
• 복선 bokseon — foreshadowing
• 줄거리 julgeori — plot summary
• 등장인물 deungjang-inmul — character (in a story)
• 주제의식 jujeuisik — thematic awareness
• 감명 gammyeong — deep impression
• 여지 yeoji — room / leeway
• 구실 gusil — pretext
• 핑계 pinggye — excuse
• 변명 byeonmyeong — self-justification
• 속내 songnae — true feelings
• 본심 bonsim — real intention
• 진심 jinsim — sincerity
• 겉치레 geotchire — outward show
• 허세 heose — bluster / showing off
• 과시 gwasi — ostentation
• 절제 jeolje — moderation / restraint
• 인내심 inaesim — patience
• 자제력 jajeryeok — self-control
• 추진력 chujillyeok — driving force
• 포용력 poyongnyeok — capacity to embrace
• 관찰력 gwanchallyeok — powers of observation
• 상상력 sangsangnyeok — imagination
• 사고력 sagoryeok — thinking ability
• 응용력 eungyongnyeok — ability to apply knowledge
• 실행력 silhaengnyeok — ability to execute
• 적응력 jeogeungnyeok — adaptability
• 지도력 jidoryeok — leadership
• 친화력 chinhwaryeok — sociability
• 구매력 gumaeryeok — purchasing power
• 생산성 saengsanseong — productivity
• 수익성 suikseong — profitability
• 확장성 hwakjangseong — scalability
• 접근성 jeopgeunseong — accessibility
• 신속성 sinsokseong — promptness
• 일관성 ilgwanseong — consistency
• 객관성 확보 gaekgwanseong hwakbo — securing objectivity
• 완성도 wanseongdo — degree of polish
• 만족도 manjokdo — satisfaction level
• 인지도 injido — brand awareness
• 선호도 seonhodo — preference level
• 충성도 chungseongdo — loyalty (customer)
• 집중도 jipjungdo — level of focus
• 난이도 nanido — difficulty level
• 빈도 bindo — frequency
• 밀도 mildo — density
• 농도 nongdo — concentration (of a substance)
• 강도 gangdo — intensity
• 속도감 sokdogam — sense of speed
• 현장감 hyeonjanggam — sense of being there
• 실감 silgam — realization / feeling real
• 체감 chegam — perceived experience
• 공백 gongbaek — gap / blank period
• 여백 yeobaek — margin / white space
• 틈새 teumsae — niche / gap
• 공략 gongnyak — targeting / attacking
• 선점 seonjeom — preemption / first-mover
• 점유율 jeomyuyul — market share
• 우위 uwi — advantage / upper hand
• 열세 yeolse — disadvantage / inferiority
• 역전 yeokjeon — reversal / comeback
• 판도 pando — landscape / balance of power
• 흐름 heureum — flow / current
• 물결 mulgyeol — wave (movement)
• 확산 hwaksan — spread / diffusion
• 정착민 jeongchangmin — settler
• 토착 tochak — indigenous / native
• 고유 goyu — intrinsic / unique to
• 특유 teugyu — characteristic of
• 정서 jeongseo — sentiment / emotional tone
• 동경 donggyeong — yearning / admiration
• 환상 hwansang — illusion / fantasy
• 착각 chakgak — misapprehension
• 혼동 hondong — confusion (mixing up)
• 혼란 hollan — chaos / disorder
• 질서 jilseo — order (orderliness)
• 무질서 mujilseo — disorder
• 불안정 buranjeong — instability
• 위축 wichuk — shrinking / being intimidated
• 심리 simni — psychology / sentiment
• 무의식 muuisik — the unconscious
• 잠재의식 jamjaeuisik — subconscious
• 직관 jikgwan — intuition
• 논리력 nollyeryeok — logical ability
• 비판력 bipannyeok — critical faculty
• 분별 bunbyeol — discernment
• 식별 sikbyeol — identification
• 선별 seonbyeol — screening / sorting out
• 분류 bullyu — classification
• 정의 jeongui — definition
• 개념 gaenyeom — concept
• 범주 beomju — category
• 속성 sokseong — attribute / property
• 요소 yoso — element / component
• 구성원 guseongwon — member of a group
• 집단 jipdan — group / collective
• 개별 gaebyeol — individual (separate)
• 전체적 jeonchejeok — overall (adjectival)
• 부수적 busujeok — incidental
• 결정적 gyeoljeongjeok — decisive
• 치명적 chimyeongjeok — fatal / critical
• 획기적 hoekgijeok — groundbreaking
• 점진적 jeomjinjeok — gradual
• 급진적 geupjinjeok — radical
• 잠정적 jamjeongjeok — provisional
• 한시적 hansijeok — temporary (limited-term)
• 상시 sangsi — always / permanently
• 수시로 susiro — frequently / at any time
• 정기적 jeonggijeok — regular (periodic)
• 비정기 bijeonggi — irregular (non-periodic)
• 연례 yeollye — annual
• 격주 gyeokju — biweekly
• 즉시 jeuksi — immediately